What is ninth crusade?

The Ninth Crusade was a military campaign led by King Edward I of England in 1271–1272. It was the last of the major Crusades to the Holy Land.

King Edward I launched the Ninth Crusade in response to the fall of the city of Antioch to the Mamluks in 1268. The goal of the Crusade was to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim control.

Edward's army sailed from Acre in 1271 and landed in Beirut, where they were joined by forces from other Christian kingdoms in the region. However, the Crusade was plagued by internal disputes and lack of resources, and progress was slow.

The Crusaders managed to capture the city of Caesarea in 1271, but their advance was halted by the Mamluk forces. After a failed attempt to besiege the city of Krak des Chevaliers, Edward negotiated a truce with the Mamluks in 1272.

The Ninth Crusade was ultimately unsuccessful in achieving its objectives of recapturing the Holy Land, and Edward returned to England in 1274. The Crusade is considered one of the last major attempts by European Christians to reclaim the Holy Land.